“During the 20th century, glaciers and ice caps
have experienced widespread mass losses and have
contributed to sea level rise. Mass loss of glaciers and ice
caps (excluding those around the ice sheets of Greenland
and Antarctica) is estimated to be 0.50 ± 0.18 mm yr–1
in sea level equivalent (SLE) between 1961 and 2003,
and 0.77 ± 0.22 mm yr–1 SLE between 1991 and 2003.
The late 20th-century glacier wastage likely has been a
response to post-1970 warming. “
“Changes in the atmosphere, cryosphere and ocean
show unequivocally that the world is warming.
Both land surface air temperatures and SSTs show
warming. In both hemispheres, land regions have
warmed at a faster rate than the oceans in the past
few decades, consistent with the much greater thermal
inertia of the oceans.
The warming of the climate is consistent with
observed increases in the number of daily warm
extremes, reductions in the number of daily cold
extremes and reductions in the number of frost days at
mid-latitudes. {3.2, 3.8}
Surface air temperature trends since 1979 are now
consistent with those at higher altitudes. It is likely that
there is slightly greater warming in the troposphere than
at the surface, and a higher tropopause, consistent with
expectations from basic physical processes and observed
increases in greenhouse gases together with depletion of
stratospheric ozone”